NAD+

What is NAD+?

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is a coenzyme found in every living cell and involved in hundreds of metabolic reactions. In its oxidized form, it serves as an electron acceptor in glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation. Beyond energy metabolism, NAD+ functions as a substrate consumed by sirtuins (SIRT1-7) and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs), linking cellular energy status to epigenetic regulation and DNA repair.

Research Context

NAD+ levels decline with aging in multiple tissues, catalyzing substantial research into NAD+ repletion as a potential aging intervention. Studies have examined NAD+'s role in activating SIRT1 and SIRT3 — deacetylases that regulate mitochondrial biogenesis, autophagy, and stress resistance via PGC-1alpha. PARP-mediated NAD+ consumption during oxidative DNA damage has been studied as a driver of energy depletion. Research has also explored NAD+ in the context of neuronal survival, circadian rhythm regulation, and immunomodulation.

Research Applications

• Sirtuin activation and epigenetic regulation studies
• Mitochondrial biogenesis and metabolic research
• DNA repair mechanism and PARP pathway investigation
• Aging and longevity biology research
• Neurodegenerative disease and neuroprotection models

For research use only. Not for human or animal consumption.

This compound's precise mechanism continues to be characterized through ongoing preclinical research. Investigators have proposed interactions with growth factor signaling pathways, receptor modulation, and cellular repair cascades. Consult current peer-reviewed literature for the most up-to-date mechanistic hypotheses.

Store lyophilized powder at −20°C for up to 24 months. Once reconstituted with bacteriostatic water, store at 4°C and use within 28 days. Protect from light, moisture, and repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Handle in a clean laboratory environment with appropriate PPE. For research use only — not for human or animal administration.

Use our Peptide Reconstitution Calculator to determine the exact volume of bacteriostatic water to add. Allow the solvent to run down the inside of the vial slowly — do not inject directly onto the lyophilized cake. Swirl gently; do not shake. The solution should appear clear to slightly opalescent.

Orders ship in discreet, unmarked packaging with no reference to Aeternum Labs on the exterior. All shipments include full tracking and are insured against loss or damage. Most orders are dispatched within 1–2 business days. Cold-chain packaging is included where required to maintain compound integrity during transit.